推理判断是指利用对话中暗示信息判断出说话人讲话的真正意图或推理出导致事件结果的原因。所谓暗示信息是指听力材料中有隐含的重要信息，需要考生在理解的基础上作出正确的选择。CET-6听力测试对话部分里，一般借助于暗示信息、否定信息、虚拟语气、问句作答和因果关系信息等进行判断推理；而CET-6听力测试短文理解部分里，推理判断题更多地测试了考生综合分析的能力，具体来说，分析和判断是建立于对整篇短文的理解，尤其是对多条相关的信息进行综合分析和判断，因为引起事件的原因往往会穿插在整个短文之中。以下就推理判断题型为主要内容、以历届CET-6部分实考题为例分别对CET-6听力测试中对话理解和短文理解进行试题解析。

一、对话理解

对话理解题是六级听力测试Section A部分的内容，也是听力部分必考项目。从历年全真试题中，我们不难看出判断推理是大多数考生的考试难点。推理判断的测试重点是从说话人的用词、语气、态度等方面来正确理解说话人表达的基本意思，判断说话人的真实意图。

1．利用暗示信息判断

【试题】
M：I have noticed that you get letters from Canada from time to time．Would you mind saving the stamps for me？My sister collects them．

W：My roommates already asked for them．
Q：What does the woman imply？
（A）She will save the stamps for the man's sister．
（B）She will no longer get letters from Canada．
（C）She can't give the stamps to the man's sister．
（D）She has given the stamps to the man's roommates．（CET-6，2000，1）

【分析】乍一听，女士的回答My roommates already asked for them．与男士提出的 Would you mind saving the stamps for me？问题，是答非所问。但将前后句联系起来思考，就发现了它们之间存在一定的逻辑关系。My roommates already asked for them．是一则暗示信息，隐含地表达了女士无法满足男士要求的原因。因此，（C）She can't give the stamps to the man's sister．为正确答案。

2．利用否定信息判断

【试题】
W：How did your interview go？
M：I couldn't feel better about it．The questions were very fair and I seemed to find answers for all of them．
Q：How does the man feel about the interview ？
 （A）He is confident．
 （B）He is worried．
 （C）He is bored．
 （D）He is angry．（CET-6，1999，1）

【分析】听力测试中常遇到以否定句设置的语言陷阱。粗心的考生往往听到一个否定词就草率地作出了判断。其实，这些否定句在句子整体意思上并不含否定意思，否定只是一个形式。该题中，男士用The questions were very fair and I seemed to find answers for all of them．表现出他对面试结果充满信心，I couldn't feel better about it．应理解为 I felt much satisfied with my interview．正确答案是（A）。“not feel better about”的意思为 have a better sense of．．．（再好不过了）。

3．利用虚拟语气信息判断

【试题】
M：I'm sorry I missed the football game，but I had a terrible cold．
W：You didn't miss anything．We couldn't have played worse．
Q：What does the woman mean？
（A）She's never watched a better game．
（B）Football is her favorite pastime．
（C）The game has been canceled．
（D）Their team played very badly．（CET-6，2000，1）

【分析】“We couldn't have played worse．”是女士对那场球赛的评价，它是考生理解女士说话含义的关键句。虽然整个句子不含条件句，但从该句的句子结构来看，could not have done是虚拟语气结构，表示“做了本不该做的事”。例如：

He could not have said something against us．（It's impossible for him to say something against us，but in fact he really did so．）

由此可见，We couldn't have played worse．意思为We think we couldn't perform badly，but in fact we really played very badly．所以（D）Their team played very badly．符合女士说话的意思，为正确答案。另外，分清cancel和miss的意思也很重要。 miss的意思是fail to see，find，hear meet．．．听力材料中You didn't miss anything．意思为It's worthless of watching the game．，而cancel的解释是to give up or call off a planned activity。

4．判断因果关系

【试题】
M：Congratulations．You certainly did quite well and I must say you deserve that grade．
W：Well，I really studied hard for that exam ．I've been preparing for it for more than a month．Now，I can relax for a while．

Q：Why is the wom an so happy？
（A）She's going away for a while．
（B）She did well on the test．
（C）She worked hard and earned a lot of money．
（D）She didn't have to work hard for the exam．（CET-6，1999，1）

【分析】从对话中grade、exam、study等词，可以判断女士的高兴不与money有关，所以选项（C）被排除。You certainly did quite well and I must say you deserve that grade．表达了男士恭贺她取得好成绩。接着从明示信息I really studied hard．．．，I've been preparing．．．for more than a month．中分析出取得好成绩的原因，从而判断选项（B）She did well on the test是正确答案。（A）、（D）选项是针对I can relax for a while干扰信息所设置的选项。

5．利用问句作答判断
【试题】
M：I don't know whether to ask Joe or Carrol to draw the posters？
W：What difference does it m ake？They're both excellent artists．
Q：What does the woman imply about Joe and Carrol？
（A）They are equally competent for the job．
（B）They both graduated from art schools．
（C）They majored in different areas of art．
（D）They are both willing to draw the posters．（CET-6，2000，6）

【分析】此题是用问句作答的一则对话。很显然，理解What difference does it make？是解答此题的关键。make a difference的意思为 be important；have an effect or influence。如：

It doesn't make much difference to me whether you go or not．
您去不去对我来说没多大关系。
A person's appearance makes a difference in how others judge him．
一个人的外表影响着别人对他的评判。

结合对话中They're both excellent artists．一句，What difference does it make？可理解为In my opinion，there is no different effect if you'd like to ask either of them to draw．因此，选项（A）They are equally competent for the job．表达了女士说话的意图，为正确答案。

二、短文理解

短文理解是CET-6听力测试Section B部分的传统题型，也是常见题型。虽然短文听力部分与对话部分有相似之处，如测试对明示信息理解和对暗示信息的推理、判断，但短文测试自身特点却表示在句子（sentence）和语篇（discourse）水平上的测试。六级短文听力测试更多地要求考生对多种语言现象综合地理解，比如，在测试考生对明示信息的敏感程度的同时，又测试考生对事实的判断能力；在测试合理推断能力的同时，又要求考生关注某一个特定细节。

六级短文听力测试一般包括三篇文章，每篇短文后提出三至四个问题，要求考生作单项选择。

进行推理判断可以利用短文中一些结构信号词。这些词能帮助我们正确理解句子之间的关系。如表示因果关系的：because，due to，the cause of，that's why，as the result， consequently等；表示转折关系的：but， however，although，on the contrary，instead of等；表示比较关系的：in a similar way，alike，the same．．．as．．．等。

［例1］［听力原文］
Most people have had a dog or wanted one as their companion at sometime in their lives．If you are thinking of buying a dog， however，you should first decide what sort of companion you need and whether the dog is likely to be happy in the surroundings you can provide．Specialist's advice is available to help you choose the most suitable breed of dog．But in part，the decision depends on common sense．Most breeds were originallydeveloped to perform specific task．So，if you want a dog to protect you or your house，for example，you should choose a breed that has the right size and characteristics．You must also be ready to devote a good deal of time to train the dog when it is young and give it the exercise it needs throughout its life，unless you live in the country and can let it run freely．Dogs are demanding pets．Whereas cats identify with the house and so are content if their place there is secure，a dog identifies with its master and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection．The best time to buy a baby-dog is when it is between 6 and 8 weeks old so that it can transfer its affection from its mother to its master．If baby dogs have not established a relationship with the human being until they are over three months old，their strong relationship will always be with dogs．They are likely to be too shy when they are brought out into the world to become good pets．

【试题】
What is mentioned as a consideration in buying a dog？
（A）The color of the dog．
（B）The price of the dog．
（C）Whether the dog will fit the environment．
（D）Whether the dog will get along with the other pets in the house．（CET-6，1999，1）

【分析】此题要求考生对已知信息进行分析判断。短文中The best time to buy a baby-dog is when it is between 6 and 8 weeks old so that it can transfer its affection from its mother to its master．是一则忠告。换句话说，与狗最易建立亲密关系的时间是在狗出生后6—8周内。选项（D）Whether the dog will get along with the other pets in the house．表达了短文中的意思，为正确答案。选项（B）只是泛指选狗，与问题要求不相符。选项（C）虽然可能从If baby dogs have not established a relationship with the human being until they are over three months old，their strong relationship will always be with dogs．中得到判断依据，但它不是问题所关心的主要原因。

［例2］［听力原文］
We all scream for water when thirsty． But do you know in very hot，dry weather， plants also make faint sounds—as if they are crying out for help？

You see，in a plant's stem there are hundreds of“water pipes”that bring water and minerals from the soil all the way up to the leaves．As the ground turns dry，it becomes harder and harder for the plants to do this．

In severe droughts，plants have to fight to pull out any water available．Scientist Robert Winter has found out that when it is really bad their water pipes snap from the tensionlike rubber bands．When that happens，the whole plant vibrates a little．The snapping pipes make noises ten thousand times more quiet than a whisper．

Robert knows that healthy，well-watered plants are quiet．He also knows that many insects prefer attacking dry plants rather than healthy plants．How do the insects know which are healthy plants and which are not？Robert thinks that the insects may listen for the plants that cry．And then they may buzz in to kill．

To test his theory，Robert is using a device that can imitate plant cries．He attaches it to a quiet，healthy plant so the plant sounds thirsty．Then he watches insects to see if they attack more often than usual．

If he is right，scientists could use the insects'ability against them．They could build traps that imitate crying plants．So when the insects buzz in to eat，they won't buzz out．

【试题】
What could scientists do if Robert's theory proves to be true？
（A）They could drive the insects away．
（B）They could keep the plants well-watered．
（C）They could make the plants grow faster．
（D）They could build devices to trap insects．（CET-6，2000，1）

 【分析】从明示信息Robert is using a device that can imitate plant cries．得知Robert希望能利用模仿植物干渴而发出的微弱声音来引诱昆虫。又从最后一段They could build traps that imitate crying plants．So when the insects buzz in to eat，they won't buzz out．明示信息来分析，科学家试图利用 Robert的理论设计出捕捉昆虫的方法，只有选项（D）They could build devices to trap insects．符合问题的要求。选项（A）、（B）是从科学家捕虫目的的角度进行分析的，而这一分析脱离了题目要求。听清题目要求很重要，否则就会答非所问。